A Review on New Researches on COVID-19, Its Cases in the World and how to Prevent and Treat the Disease

Abstract

On 31 December 2019, in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, a new type of coronavirus was identified for the first time with a human epidemic after people got pneumonia for no apparent reason and vaccines and treatments were not effective. A survey of the infected persons with the virus found that two-thirds of them were linked to the wholesale seafood market in Huvanan, where live animals are also sold. Novel Coronavirous causes severe respiratory illness that has infected more than 80,000 people and killed at least 3,000 in China up to now. Currently, more than 100,000 people have been diagnosed with the disease in eighty countries, including Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Singapore, Nepal, Vietnam, Indonesia, Germany, Russia, Fiji, France, Iran, and United States.

Human-to-human transmission of the virus has also been confirmed. Coronaviruses are spread primarily by close contact, especially through respiratory droplets caused by coughing and sneezing, up to 6 ft. RNA virus has also been found in stool samples from infected patients. Studies have shown that the virus can transmit at least four people in a chain and can even become infectious during the incubation period. Symptoms include fever, dry cough and sometimes respiratory problems such as shortness of breath, and sore throat and runny nose. However, according to the WHO, the transmission from asymptomatic people is more likely. Coronavirus can infect the environment and even hospitals by contacting door handles, beds, buttons, desks, bed edges, and other metal and plastic surfaces that are in direct contact with the patient. The results also showed that high humidity increases the lifespan of the coronavirus. These studies indicated that coronaviruses can persist on different surfaces for an average of 4 to 5 days. Some of them can survive outside the body for up to 9 days at room temperature.