Oxidative Stress and Associated Diseases: Toxicological and Pharmacological Issues

Abstract

During the process of oxygen metabolism, REOs) like superoxide, hydrochloric acid, or hydroxyl radical are made and can cause oxidative damage when they combine with bio-molecules. Damage from oxidative stress to the inflammatory signalling cascade &chemoattractant production. Hydrogen peroxide, at low concentrations, can control cellular signalling and even encourage cell proliferation, but at higher quantities it can cause apoptosis and even necrosis. Oxidative stress, ageing, carcinogenesis, and other age-related and oxidative-related diseases (OSRDs) have all been linked to ROS, and There is more and more evidence that ROS are involved in the death and damage of cells. Antioxidants, on the other hand, are thought to dampen the immune response and boost the body's own cellular defences in the face of tissue damage. The study's authors sought to clarify the relationships between OSRDs & the many diseases previously related to them. The treatment of OSRD has been shown to be successful with a variety of medications, such as pentaerythritol tetranitrate, resveratrol, hypertension converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor baddies, lovastatin, nebivolol, or carvedilol, as well as antioxidants that target mitochondria and drugs made from plants, are some of the drugs that are used to treat high blood pressure (singly or in combination).