Antithrombotic, Antihemolitic and Analgesic Activities of Ephedra Alata Alanda Extracts

Abstract

The aim of this study is part of a natural resource development and evaluation of biological activities in vitro and in vivo extracts of the medicinal plant Ephedra alata alenda (E.A.A.) aerial parts. In the present study, four extracts were prepared : hydromethanolic extract (Ep.MeOH/H₂O), methanolic extract  (Ep.MeOH), ethyl acetate extract (Ep.Ac) and aqueous extract (Ep.Aq).The evaluation of the antioxidant power by the DPPH method revealed that all the extracts have a significant antioxidant potential, the highest of which is that of the crude extract Ep.MeOH (IC50 = 5,35 ± 0,63 µg/ml). Hydroxyl radical scavenging was also performed. The latter have a greater scavenger effect with respect to the OH radical, and whose lowest IC50 is that of the Ep.MeOH/H₂O  (0.00138 mg/ml ± 0,00059). The bleaching of β-carotene followed for 24 hours is slowed down strongly in the presence of all the extracts and particularly Ep.MeOH/H₂O (85.84%). Analysis of the antithrombotic effect revealed that the fractions Ep.Aq, and Ep.MeOH / H₂O exhibited an increase in human clot lysis with a percentage of 21.19 ± 4.14 and 18.32 ± 0.02 relative to negative control (water) (5.6%). The anticoagulant activity is also evaluated vis-a-vis the endogenous and exogenous pathway using two tests, TP and TCA, this revealed that extracts of E.A.A. hase significant anticoagulant activity with respect to both coagulation pathways. The extracts also showed considerable anti-hemolytic activity expressed by a significant prolongation of the HT50 (hemolysis of 50% of the cells) from 73 mn for the AAPH control (2,2' azobis(2- amidinoprane) dichlorate) to (HT50=192 mn) for Ep.Aq. An in vivo approach is carried out on mice treated with 300 mg / ml and 150 mg / ml of the crude extract (Ep.MeOH) in order to estimate the relief of pain caused by acetic acid (0.9%). showed that the plant E.A.A. possesses a pharmacological power, reducing the number of contortions with a% inhibition of 74% for the dose 300 mg / kg and 60.09% for the dose of 150mg / kg, which supports its traditional use for the relief of various cramps abdominal.