Distribution of Various Diseases in Diagnosis of Lymphatic Lesions by FNAC

Abstract

Lymphadenopathy is one of the commonest clinical presentations in inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. The etiology can be confirmed by various techniques, out of which the most simpler, easy and cost-effective OPD procedure is Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ( FNAC). It can be quickly done without any radiological guidance and only utilizes visual masses for identification. This study aims to evaluate distribution of various diseases in diagnosis of lymphatic lesions by FNAC. It was a Retrospective observational study with a total of 298 patients with FNAC.The procedure was carried out by a single pathologist by palpating the mass without any radiological guidance. The most common site affected was cervical lymph nodes followed by axillary.The most common picture observed was of tubercular lymphadenopathy observed in 50.6% cases , which was followed up by reactive lymphadenopathy in 43.9% cases, NHL in 3.35% cases, metastasis in 1% , inconclusive and inflammatory abscess in 0.3% cases each. FNAC is established as the primary first level investigation for diagnosis of the lymphadenopathy. It has various advantages such as being less invasive, easy steps, OPD procedure . It is not dependent on any radiological tool and considers only clinical examination for the procedure.