Genetic Analysis of Milk Gene (B-Casein) in BOS INDICUS Cattle

Abstract

Because of their physiologically active constituents, milk and other dairy products are considered healthful foods. The goal of this study is to look at the -casein genetic polymorphism in Pakistani cattle. Casein research in dairy products and animal husbandry has piqued attention in recent years, because casein is a source of biologically active peptides that may be helpful to health as well as a source of high-quality protein. Furthermore, the polymorphism of -casein and its link to milk production characteristics, composition, and quality has led several efforts to assess the allelic distribution of the -casein locus as a potential trait marker. Dairy goods are dairy products. There are, however, few data on -casein variation in Pakistani dairy cows. We obtained a blood sample, amplified it with PCR, measured it with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer, and genotyped the PCR product using gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing to estimate the B-casein trait (CSN2) Genetic polymorphism. Cholistani, Sahiwali, and Thari are three separate cows. In the Cholistani and Sahiwali dairy cow breeds, bioinformatics analysis of DNA sequencing of the casein gene found seven nucleotide alterations. In the Taliban race, there is no mutation. These changes were classed as a 02 point mutation in the Cholistani cow breed and a 05 point replacement in the Sahiwali cattle breed, but not a modification in the Thari cattle breed, according to the genetic code. Our findings can be utilized as a guide and reference for selecting high-quality milk for industrial usage, as well as for hybridization and genetic enhancement initiatives.