A Systematic Review on Epidermology of Human Monkeypox Virus

Abstract

Monkeypox is a vesicular-pustular sickness with a secondary attack rate of 10% in contacts who have not been immunized against smallpox. Case fatality rates range from 1% to 11%, but survivors often experience scarring and other complications. It continues to spread to distant populations in Central and West Africa, where access is limited and surveillance and information networks are degraded or destroyed. A comprehensive review was conducted to look at historical data on human monkeypox outbreaks to see if and how epidemiology has changed. Data was gathered from published and grey literature and used to generate recommendations on outbreak response, case definitions, and public health advice. The level of detail, data quality, geographic coverage, and consistency of reporting in the monkeypox epidemic documentation obtained varied greatly.