A Review on Y-chromosome STR haplotyping

Abstract

The area of forensic Y chromosome analysis has been successfully developed to become standard in laboratories working in criminal casework all around the world since the early 1990s. Because of their capacity to detect male-specific DNA, highly variable Y-chromosomal polymorphisms, also known as STR sequences, are an important addition to the conventional panel of autosomal loci used in forensic genetics. The Y chromosome's male-specificity makes it particularly beneficial in cases of male/female cell mixing, such as in sexual assault cases. On the other hand, because male relatives have an identical Y-STR profile for numerous generations, haploidy and patrilineal inheritance complicate the interpretation of a Y-STR match. Because paternal relatives tend to dwell in their ancestors' geographic and cultural domain, Y chromosome research offers the ability to identify the population of origin of a DNA profile. The fields of application of Y chromosome haplotyping, the interpretation of results, databasing initiatives, and population genetics aspects are all included in this study.