Screening of Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Alloxan in Wister Rat Using FTIR - ATR Spectral , Biochemical and Histological Studies Approach
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Abstract
Screening of diseases in the medicine plays vital role in identification , treatment and management of diseases. Though we have numerous methods for screening Diabetes Mellitus and each methods has its own specificities concern with principles and technologies adopted. In this current research work, FTIR ATR techniques was adopted to screen the Diabetes Mellitus along with biochemical and histological analysis as comparison and supportive. Experiments were conducted on Diabetes Mellitus induced Wister rat with alloxan for 30 days followed by termination with analyzing Biochemical, FTIR-ATR spectral and histological studies . The results obtained were more significant for glucose, Triglycerides cholesterol , HDL cholesterol were at p<0.0001 level and incase of TSH was significant at p< 0.05 level , the other parameters studied were statistically not significant.
The FTIR-ATR study shows that successful spectral differentiation for control and diabetic sample obtained between 3283 – 532 cm-1 . The Significant elevation in the absorption peak ratio was documented in (Protein )asym and Sym to TGL / HDL- cholesterol ester in diabetic induction on rat by alloxan. The slight variation peak absorption ratio for Amide II to Amide III and Nucleic acid-PO2 as well as Glucose Stretching to S-S stretch in cystic acid were noticed. FT-IR spectral results in different tissues of Alloxan induced diabetes shows the intensity of the band at 1040 cm−1, which is due to oligosaccharides,
Histological studies shows thickening of parietal layer of Bowman’s capsule of kidney, inflammation in thickened alveolar septae and blood vessels of lungs but in case of liver muscle and heart no appreciable changes recorded .The importance of FTIRATR spectroscopic technique in screening of Diabetes Mellitus is discussed and recommended as diagnostic tool in medical field.