Molecular Study of Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax Among Plaque Induced Gingivitis Patients in Babylon Province

Abstract

Abstract: The oral cavity of humans contain many microorganisms and some parasites , which were shown that two protozoans, E. gingivalis and T. tenax may be responsible for oral parasitic infection. and these organisms causes damage of teeth and gum, and have an important effect in causing these pathological symptoms This study was designed to detect these parasites in oral cavity of patients with plaque induced gingivitis and compare it with healthy persons by using RT(qPCR) technique .
Materials and Methods : The study involves 100 subjects between age groups (>15-65)years,50 patients who are taken from them clinically diagnosed with gingivitis (plaque-induced gingivitis) whose attending to specialized dental center in Al-Hilla city, and from 50 person who are (Healthy Control), were collected from each patients dental plaque and saliva with clean tubes samples ,some factors were taken such as pH saliva, age groups, sex, smoking status, and chronic diseases status of patients (blood pressure, heart disease etc.). and then transferred these saliva samples to specific refrigerator (deep freezing) for molecular testing in (Scientific private Company )in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq .
Results: This results shown that the overall percentage rates of infection with E. gingivalis and T. tenax in dental plaque samples were higher than in saliva samples in patients with gingivitis ( 9(56.3%), 19(55.9%) ) respectively. these two parasites are present in healthy individuals less than in patients with gingivitis . there were statistically significant correlation between (sex, age groups, pH saliva and chronic diseases) and presence of the gingivitis disease, In addition, this result shown E. gingivalis infection by use RT( qPCR) technique and melting curves analysis (44.0%)of total case group patients with gingivitis.
Conclusion: This study showed E. gingivalis more common in patients with gingivatis diseases is that considered a protozoan in oral cavity. There was relationship between the presence of these parasites and the type of samples and the factors as (pH saliva, age groups, sex, smoking status, and chronic diseases status of patients (blood pressure, heart disease etc.).