Evaluation Different with Aniasomnifera (L.) Explants for in Vitro Callus Induction and Regeneration

Abstract

Withaniasomnifer(L.) is an important medicinal plant with a wide range of therapeutic effects. Using various in vitro explants, we attempted to demonstrate a technique for callus induction and plantlet regeneration that is both efficient and high-frequency.( MS) medium provided with different concentrations of BA or NAA (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) mg/l were tested for callus induction from (leaf, stem, root, epicotyl, and hypocotyl) under light and dark conditions.Leafand stem explants produced significantly the highest percentage rate of callus induction with high total mean of fresh and dry weight under darkness compared with other explants: briefly, (92.8%, 338.7, and 41.7 mg), respectively, were made by leaf explants, while stem explants yielded (92%, 323.4, and 35.4 mg), respectively. The interfering action between auxin and cytokinin (1mg/l BA with 0.5 mg/l NAA) significantly made the highest fresh and dry weight of callus originated from leaf explants under light and dark condition, while the combination (0.5 mg/l for each BA and NAA) gave significantly the best result for stem at the same parameters, so the previous combinations were chosen as the maintenance media. The considerable organogenesis was acquired via callus produced from stem explants under light conditions, with 1.5 mg/l BA+0.5 mg/l NAA achieving a high percentage rate with a high number of shoots (97.5%, 8.5 shoots), respectively.About rooting, the best rate (70%) with a high length (4.3 cm) was achieved by 0.5 mg/l IAA.