Comparison of Efficacy of 2.5% Vs 5.25% Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite Augmented by Different Irrigation Techniques in Eradication of Enterococcus Faecalis – An In-Vitro Study
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Abstract
Background: Enterococcus faecalis has been widely used as a bacteria in in-vitro studies to access the antibacterial efficacy of irrigants and various techniques of activation. The aim of the present study is to determine the efficacy of 2.5% and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite when both the concentrations are augmented with passive ultrasonic irrigation and lasers and comparing it with conventional syringe irrigation in eradication of E. fecalis.
Materials and method: A total of sixty single rooted teeth were included. Access cavities were made, root canals were instrumented till size 40 K file andpure culture of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) was used to contaminate the root canals. Teeth were divided into 3 groups according to the technique used: Group I – irrigation with conventional syringe/needle method; Group II – ultrasonic activated irrigation; Group III – Laser activated irrigation using 810 nm diode laser. All the groups were further divided into two subgroups according to concentration of NaOCl used: Subgroup A – 2.5%; Subgroup B - 5.25%. The colony forming units were measured for all the samples and analysed.
Results:The results of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that mean value of Group-I (223.06), Group-II (7.53) and Group-III (207.24) differ significantly from each other. The maximum eradication was seen with 5.25% NaOCl potentiated with ultrasonics (CFU – 0.00) and the minimum eradication was seen with 2.5% NaOCl delivered using conventional syringe (431.78). Mean value of colony forming units with 2.5% concentration and ultrasonics (15.06) was statistically comparable with 5.25% concentration and conventional syringe (14.34).
Conclusion: Ultrasonic activated irrigation exhibited maximum efficacy followed by lasers and conventional irrigation method. 5.25% NaOCl showed more efficacy compared to 2.5%. Efficacy of 2.5% NaOCl can be increased by ultrasonic activation and can be used as an alternative to 5.25% concentration to avoid the caustic effects of higher concentration.