Application of Health Belief Model (HBM) with Health Intervention Son the Attendance of Cervical Screening

Abstract

Background

Cervical cancer has a maximum potential for primary and secondary prevention, nevertheless, it remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Indian women. However, regular screening tests will able to detect the precancerous lesions at an early stage for timely and effective management. The main objective of this study was to identify the barriers to cervical screening by applying the Health Belief Model (HBM) along with some interventions.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was executed in this study and the sample size was 501 women aged between 30 to 60 years. These samples were selected by simple random and stratified sampling techniques in various stages of the sampling section process. The tool of the HBM model included the identification of barriers for cervical screening programmes. Descriptive statistics applied for the analysis of the data.

Results: Among all three groups a large proportion of women were observed between 30-45 years of age. The least percentage of participants have seen the age group between 51-60 years. Before education, only 13.37 % of women had good knowledge regarding cervical cancer. The perceived susceptibility enhanced from pretest to posttest from 4.79 % 48.70 %, Perceived benefits increased from pretest to post-test from 4.79% to 53.29%, Perceived barriers was 52.10 % after intervention Cues to action was 52.30 % and Perceived self-efficacy and the likelihood of behavior was 48.70. The application of the HBM model with other interventions found effective.

Conclusion

 The HBM model consisting of factors such as perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, Perceived self-efficacy, and the likelihood of behavior need to be used to find out the preventive behaviors of women in health teachings of cervical screening programmes