Pattern of Mineralisation - A Review

Abstract

The tooth develops through different chronological stages. Collagen is the protein in connective tissue as well as in hard tissue, bone, dentin, cementum and even the mineralising ligament of the epiphyseal growth palate. Hard tissue is mineralised and has a firm intercellular framework. Tooth development and mineralisation are processes that derive from different tissues interactions, such as ectodermal and mesenchymal. These interactions are responsible for the formation of unique structures with a specific chemical composition. Despite differences, mineralized tissues are similar, deriving from highly concentrated extracellular processes involving matrix proteins, proteases, and mineral ion fluxes that regulate mineral crystal nucleation, growth, and organization. There are two theories- they are collagen template mediated mineralization and matrix vesicle mediated mineralization. Mineralized tissue are well organized hierarchical structures that adapt different stimuli to achieve a desired function. This study aims at explaining the complex chemical biological mechanism that leads to the development of dental germs and teeth. It is impossible to pinpoint the exact moment when the process drifts or the aetiological causes of important diseases, such as the MIH, without a solid understanding of this long and fascinating process.