Reproductive Health of Residents of the Highlands of the Tien Shan, Pamir and Alai in Conditions of Social Pressure

Abstract

For centuries, ethnic Kyrgyz women living in the Pamirs on the territory of Afghanistan have been constantly exposed to a complex of problems of the negative influence of high altitude factors, low social-economic standards of living, which indirectly affect the work of the functional system “mother - placenta - foetus". Considering the above facts, this work is aimed at identifying the characteristics and nature of reproductive behaviour in 149 women of high altitude Pamir and Alai, foothills of the Tien Shan pregnant women with tuberculosis, and somatically healthy residents of the low mountains of Bishkek (760 m above sea level) within the age limits of 18 - 45 years. The obtained data were processed according to generally accepted methods of variation statistics and the calculation of Student criterion, with the identification of significant differences in the groups.

As a result of the studies, it was found that the inhabitants of the Afghan Pamir were significantly inferior in comparison with other women of the highlands of Chon-Alai and even women with tuberculosis in the Chui region due to their anthropometric data. Because of the lack of family planning technology for women in the Afghan Pamirs, the highest parity rates were found (22% with a parity of childbirth of 9 or more, and if count 5 or more - 35.4%) comparing with women in mountainous regions, in more than 90% early sexual life was registered (from 10-12 years). Anamnesis of the studied groups showed the highest percentage of spontaneous miscarriages in the Chon-Alai group and in the city of Bishkek. As for of gynaecologic diseases, every second woman in the Afghan Pamir (48.4% of cases) had menstrual irregularities, in Chon-Alai women inflammatory diseases are more common (88.8% of cases). In the studied groups pregnant women with a history of tuberculosis 3 and more abortions were most commonly registered in 6.6% of cases. The above-mentioned reproductive health disorders in the studied groups of women residents of the Pamir and Chon-Alai and in women with tuberculosis require close attention and effective assistance in the field of Reproductology and family planning; undoubtedly, all these technologies are based on the need to improve the social-economic standard of living.