Prevalence and determinants of falls among elderly people in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Introduction: Falls are among the most damaging events to the elderly. In Makkah, Saudi Arabia, only one study has so far attempted to determine the prevalence of falls among elderly patients. Our goal was to ascertain the frequency and contributing factors of falls among elderly people in Makkah.

Methods: This cross-sectional study among the elderly in Makkah had a sample size of 383 participants. Questionnaires were completed by physicians and researchers through face-to-face interviews to ensure proper data collection.

Results: Of the 397 participants included, 53.1% were female. The incidence of falls was 47.4%. Individuals with an MAHC-10 score ≥ 4 represented 28.7% of the sample, and the prevalence of falls among them was 78.9%. In the multivariate binary logistic regression (BLR), an MAHC-10 score ≥ 4 was significantly associated with falls (OR = 10.36, 95% CI:5.69-18.88, p<0.001) compared with an MAHC-10 score < 4, adjusted for educational level and history of taking any medication regularly.

Conclusions: This study showed an elevated frequency of falls among the elderly in Makkah. Several factors were identified related to falls. Healthcare providers should conduct screenings to prevent falls. Conducting additional prospective research and introducing fall prevention programs for the elderly in Makkah is advisable.