Association of SARS-CoV-2 and ABO Blood Types: A Systematic Review

Abstract

 Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic caused huge burden on health care systems throughout the world. Studies outcomes are undebate regarding the association between ABO blood groups and Coronavirus Disease 2019.The aim of the current study was to determine the association between Coronavirus Disease 2019 and ABO blood grouping. For this study Published articles were searched on pubmed and google scholar by using several medical subject headings. All retrieved published articles screened properly from December 2019 to May 2021. All published original articles were included in the study. General information and frequency of ABO blood groups and Rh-D were gathered. Data was analyzed through Microsoft-Excel sheet 2020. Out Of 118 literatures, 59 studies met our desired outcome and arranged year-wise and continent-wise. Among total studies, 30 and 29 reports were published in year 2020 and 2021 respectively. Highest number of published reports were retrieved from Asia (31 reports), followed by South and North America (n=13). Among ABO blood groups, A blood group patients were found more vulnerable to Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection in Asia and Europe continents while patients with O blood groups were susceptible to Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection in Africa, South and North America. Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection was also observed more in Rh-D positive patients than Rh-D negative patients.It is concluded that both A blood group and O blood group patients are more prone to Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection. This study will serve to elaborated the link of phenotypic ABO blood types and Coronavirus Disease 2019 diseases.