Current and Future Therapies in Thalassemia: Beginning of a New Era

Abstract

Background Thalassemia is a group of blood disorders that affect the hemoglobin genes and cause erythropoiesis to be ineffective. Anemia occurs early in life as a result of reduced hemoglobin development, necessitating regular blood transfusions to sustain hemoglobin levels. This activity explains the diagnosis and treatment of Thalassemia and stresses the importance of collaborating as part of a multidisciplinary team. Objective In this review an overview of Thalassemia along with various novel therapeutic approaches that are currently in development are discussed. Method Articles for the review were looked into sources like Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Web of Science using the relevant search terms. Result Blood transfusions, drug treatment, and a bone marrow transplant are all required for people with serious Thalassemia. Patients with Thalassemia also depend on novel agents as their only remedy. Thalassemia gene therapy is currently being tested and may be available in the future. Conclusion Despite improvements in transfusion procedures and chelation therapy, there are still many hurdles to delivering these traditional therapies. The complexities of commonly available standard treatment and improvements in our knowledge of the fundamental path physiological processes in Thalassemia have spurred research into new therapeutic goals.