Study the Changes in the Speed of Locomotors Activity and Histological Alteration in the Gills, Liver, and Ovary of Freshwater Fish Liza Abu (Haeckel) Exposed to Chlorthiamid Herbicide

Abstract

Acute and sub-lethal concentrations of herbicides pesticide chlorthiamid (1.5,2.5,3.5 and 4mg/l), the acute effect measuring the operculum of gills movement within the period 24-96hours ,where a significant difference was observed in the movement .The highest value was recorded ( 174.02mov/minute ) by the ( 5mg/l)through( 48hours)and the lowest recorded value of (22.03move/minute)and ( 5mg/l)and the period ( 96hours ), compared with control (72.16 ). Sub – lethal concentrations focused the tissues alternations in the gills , liver and ovaries within the concentrations of (0.12 &0.25mg/l ) for a period 10 days of exposure .These changes included in gill tissues (Blood bleeding ,Vaculues , Arches damage , Necrosis ,degeneration , splitting ,Damage of epithelial tissues ) and ovary tissues (Oocyte cells necrosis, Blood bleeding, fatty Vaculues, Thick wall of Oocytes and degeneration) and sever hazard in the liver (Glycogen, Blood Bleeding. Lipid granules, Aggregation cells, Hypertrophy of hepatic cells) . These differences depending on concentrations compared to control. Tissues a good biomarker indicator about toxic effect to fresh water fish like Liza Abu. This study confirms the sensevity of these fish to the hazard in the aquatic environment through the presence of these pollutants.