Obtaining, Microstructure and Morphology of Nonwoven Fabric Based on Camel Wool

Abstract

A three-layer non-woven composite material for the lining of insulated shoes has been obtained by an adhesive bonding method. The thickest middle layer of the material consists of evenly laid coarse camel fibers, the top and bottom layers consist of cotton jersey, polymer glue is located between the layers. The layers are bonded by thermal duplication at a temperature of 150 ± 5 ° C for 2.0 ± 0.2 minutes. The microstructure and morphology of camel hair, polymer glue and composite were studied by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM and X-ray structural analysis. The chemical interaction between wool fibers and polymer glue, the geometric dimensions and shape of the fibers, the cross-section of the layers of the composite material, and the change in the degree of crystallinity of the material have been established. The diameter and internal structure of the investigated camel wool fibers differ significantly from cellulose and silk fibers. The average diameter of full, not hollow wool fibers is about three times that of cotton and four times that of silk. Camel wool is more suitable for the production of non-woven textile material. In the process of thermal exposure, the molten polymer diffuses into the structure of both wool and knitted fabric, which leads to a decrease in density and an increase in the thickness of the adhesive layer. Diffusion and excellent adhesion of the molten polymer to the fibers ensures the strength of the composite.