Agromorphological Characterization of F1 Progenies of Simple Crosses of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.), under Greenhouse Conditions

Abstract

The present research was carried out under greenhouse conditions, whose objectives were: to evaluate the agromorphological characterization of the F1 progenies of eight simple crosses of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), obtaining and evaluating seeds of the F1 progenies; seed from 22 simple crosses whose parents were eight cultivars of quinoa was used, placing one seed per bag. After 50 days flowering began, the panicle was covered with glassine paper bags in order to self-fertilize the flowers and avoid cross-pollination. The variables studied were 9, 2 for morphological characterization and 7 for agronomic evaluation. Analysis of variance (ANVA) was used, with F tabulated at level = 0.05 and Tukey’s test at error level = 0.05, (SAS program). The results in the SAS program indicate: Morphological Characteristics; Cross 18 (Chullpi rojo x Pandela) obtained the largest stem diameter (1.65 cm), cross 15 (Chullpi rojo x Pasankalla) obtained the largest panicle length (92. 83 cm); Agronomic characteristics; Cross 7 (Huariponcho x Pasankalla) had the lowest days to emergence with 4.25 days, and cross 13 (Choclito x Kcancolla) had the highest number of days to emergence with 8.67 days. Also, less days to flowering were observed with 58 days, cross 15 (Chullpi rojo x Pasankalla) had the highest height at harvest maturity with 1. 99 cm, cross 2 (Salcedo INIA x Pasankalla) reached the lowest number of days to harvest maturity with 138.75 days, cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) had the highest grain yield per plant 53.10 g/plant, the highest grain size corresponds to cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 2.12 mm and the lowest grain size for cross 20 (Huariponcho x Choclito) with 1.66 mm, the lowest number of seeds per gram was observed for cross 20 (Huariponcho x Choclito) with 1.66 mm; the highest grain yield per plant was observed for cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 2.12 mm and the lowest grain size was observed for cross 20 (Huariponcho x Choclito) with 2.12 mm; the highest grain size corresponds to cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 2.12 mm and the lowest grain size was observed for cross 20 (Huariponcho x Choclito) with 1.66 mm; the highest grain yield per plant was observed for cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 2.12 g/plant, the lowest grain size corresponds to cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 1.12 mm and the lowest grain size for cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 2.12 mm, the lowest number of seeds per gram was obtained by cross 3 (Salcedo INIA x Negra Collana) with 373.50 seeds/g, and the highest number of seeds per gram was obtained by cross 9 (Huariponcho x Kcancolla) with 648.46 seeds/g.