Factors that Influence the Incidence of Human Papilloma Virus in HIV Positive Women in Central Java, Semarang, 2020
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Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is still a health problem in the world. HIV tends to attack cells that have CD4 surface antigens. A decrease in CD4 count at a certain amount can open up opportunities for other infections, one of which is the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). The prevalence of HPV in women in Indonesia is quite high 11.4%, data obtained from research in Jakarta 13.9%, 11.5% in Bali, and 8.8% in Tasikmalaya. Several factors influence HIV and HPV, including: sociodemographic factors, sexual and other risk behaviors, sexual and reproductive health factors and HIV history factors.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determined the factors that influence the incidence of HPV in HIV positive women in Central Java, Semarang.
Methods: This study used a cross sectional analytic method. The research subjects were all HIV positive female patients in Central Java, Semarang. Data collection was done by interviewing respondents using a questionnaire. The sample in this study were 42 HIV positive women. Inclusion criteria: HIV-infected female patients who were willing to be respondents in this study and the exclusion criteria had a history of total hysterectomy. The relationship between variables was tested by using the chi-square test. Results were considered statistically significant if the p value was <0.05.
Results: The results of univariate analysis of 42 respondents, 22 respondents (52.4%) were positive for HPV. The results of the bivariate analysis of sexual behavior and other risky behaviors showed that there was a significant relationship between the number of partners so far ? 2 with the incidence of HPV in HIV positive women. The results of the Chi-square test of the variable number of partners so far were P = 0.019 or <0.05 with PR = 2.292 (95% confidence interval (Cl) = 0.64-6.076).
Conclusion: HIV positive women who have partners for ? 2 years have a 2.2 times greater risk of developing HPV than women who have sexual partners <2.