Isolation of Microorganisms of the Bacillus Genus with Bioremediation Capacity

Abstract

The objective of this research was to isolate bacteria of the Bacillus genus with bioremediation capacity through the use of selective culture media. The work was carried out in the research laboratory of the State University of Bolivar. Therefore, we started with 20 samples taken from the Amazon and Andean regions in Ecuador where there was contamination. To differentiate each sample, a code was established according to the area where the sample was taken: Guaranda (GD2, GD3, GD4, GD5, GD6, GD7) San Miguel (SM1, SM2, SM3, SP2) Shushufindi (SH1, SH2, SH3, SH4, SH5), and Minga (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5). The culture was carried out in selective media: Luria Bertani for obtaining bacterial cells and Bushnell Hass agar for growth and reproduction, these two media with the addition of 1% diesel. Bacterial isolates were obtained that were analyzed by Gram stain, from this test was possible to verify the existence of Gram + bacteria in 19 of the samples. The isolates were characterized at the species level, using biochemical techniques such as: Catalase, Starch Hydrolysis, Urea, Hemolytic Activity, Nitrate, which helped us to recognize Bacillus cereus bacteria (Sm1, Gda3, Gda4, Gda5, Gda6, Sha1 , Sha2, Sha3, Sha4, Sha5, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) and β - hemolytic B. thuringiensis, (Sm2, Sm3, Gda2). Concluding that the culture media were specific for the isolation of the Bacillus genus, being able to isolate and characterize 18 out of the 20 samples analyzed.