Features of the Process for Obtaining Polymer Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Abstract

This article presents the results of the synthesis of quaternary ammonium monomers by quaternization of N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate ethyl and isopropyl iodide. The structure of the synthesized monomers was identified by Infrared and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The possibility of carrying out radical polymerization of the synthesized monomeric quaternary salts at low temperatures using dinitrilazobisisobutyric acid as an initiator has been shown. The influence of various factors on the polymerization process has been studied: the nature of solvents, monomer concentration, initiator and temperature. The order of the reaction with respect to the monomer, initiator, and the total activation energy of the polymerization process, as well as the ratio of the rate constants for the growth and termination of chains, have been determined. The formation of donor-acceptor complexes between monomeric quaternary salts and the initiator under the conditions of the polymerization reaction has been shown by Infrared and Ultraviolet spectroscopy. The composition of the complex was identified, and the equilibrium constants and thermodynamic parameters of the complex reaction were calculated.