Impact of Catalase Gene Polymorphisms on Metabolic Disorders

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) concept gathers in a single entity a set of metabolic abnormalities that have in common a close relationship with ectopic deposit of lipids, insulin resistance, and chronic low-grade inflammation. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with metabolic disorder have to  find weather catalase gene polymorphism  have an impact on disease susceptibility when compared with different disease groups in addition to control group from the people whose apparent healthy. A case-control study was conducted on the study to identify catalase genes polymorphism by PCR-RFLP and to detect association of its susceptibility to Mets. The comparison was made between central obesity group and control group. The heterozygous C/T genotype was significantly (p = 0.041) less frequent in central obesity group than in control group, 5 (16.7 %) versus 20 (41.7 %), respectively. Thus, the heterozygous C/T genotype acted as protective factor against central obesity with an odds ratio of 0.34 and a preventive fraction of 0.30. While, homozygous TT genotype was limited to central obesity group; however, the difference carried borderline significance level (between 0.05 and 0.1) of 0.098 and it acted as a risk factor for obesity with an approximate odds ratio of 8.87. The comparison was made between central obesity and hypertensive group with the control group. The heterozygous C/T genotype was highly significantly (p = 0.002) less frequent in central obesity and hypertensive group than in control group, 2 (6.7 %) versus 20 (41.7 %), respectively. Thus, the heterozygous C/T genotype acted as protective factor against obesity and hypertension with an odds ratio of 0.11 and a preventive fraction of 0.42.

The homozygous TT genotype was limited to central obesity and hypertensive group; however, the difference carried borderline significance level (between 0.05 and 0.1) of 0.098 and it acted as a risk factor for obesity and hypertension with an approximate odds ratio of 7.82 and the comparison was made between central obesity, hypertensive and diabetes group and control group. The heterozygous C/T genotype showed no significant variation between groups (p = 0.477). Thus, the heterozygous C/T genotype cannot be regarded as protective or preventive factor. The homozygous TT genotype was limited to obese, hypertensive and diabetes group; however, the difference carried borderline significance level (between 0.05 and 0.1) of 0.098 and it acted as a risk factor for obesity, hypertension and diabetes with an approximate odds ratio of 10.78. Regarding correlation catalase gene with metabolic syndrome, there was an increased risk for metabolic syndrome with genotype TT versus TC, which may represent a factor of risk to Mets. This study concluded that TT genotype was limited to all patients (obese, hypertensive and diabetes) groups; however, it acted as a risk factor for obesity, hypertension and diabetes.