Optimization of the Process Acid Activation of Bentonite

Abstract

Montmorillonite is the main component of bentonite clays-natural alum inosilicates. Due to the specific structure of the crystal lattice framework and the developed interfacial surface, montmorillonite clays have excellent adsorption and ion exchange properties. The fields of application of bentonite clays are expanding due to the addition of new properties to them as a result of various types of activation. One of the most effective types of exposure is acid treatment. Acid-activated montmorillonites are used as acid catalysts for various reactions. Acid activation of calcium and sodium montmorillonites of the Navbakhor field with HCl solution was carried out. It is shown that as a result of acid treatment, the porous structure develops due to the removal of both interlayer cations (Na⁺, Ca²⁺) and cations of the octahedral layer (Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺). The textural characteristics and strength properties of molded composites based on acid-activated montmorillonites are investigated. The nature of changes in the specific surface area, pore volume, and pore volume distribution over the strength dimensions of samples with varying montmorillonite content in the composition is analyzed. It was found that composite materials containing 80% by weight of bentonite have a highly developed monodisperse porous structure in the pore size range of 1.8 nm and a specific surface area of 290-330 m2 / g. At the same time, the strength of the composites reaches 100-115 kg / cm2, which is sufficient for industrial carriers.

The purpose of this study is to identify the optimal conditions for acid activation and to study the textural characteristics of bentonite from the Navbakhor field.