Efficiency of Phytomeliorative Measures in Saline Lands and Scarcity of Water Resources

Abstract

The article provides an analysis of global climate change and its impact on the further development of agriculture in Uzbekistan and the problems associated with soil salinization and the growing shortage of irrigation water in the country. On the example of the irrigated lands of the Bukhara region, where there is a large shortage of water and the region is highly susceptible to the negative impact of frequently repeated dry years and an increase in the area of saline lands. In the conditions of meadow alluvial soils prone to salinization and in nearby low-mineralized waters, phyto-melioration measures are proposed to combat soil salinization and water conservation during leaching irrigation: growing sorghum two-color (Sorghum Moench).In the planted variant of the phytomeliorant plant, the intensity of salt restoration at the end of the growing season was lower than in the control (plowed) variant. At the end of the growing season, the coefficient of salt accumulation in the soil in terms of chloride ion was 2.0 in the field planted with white corn and 5.38 in the field not plowed, and 45.9 - 49.1 t/ha of grain and 216-234 t/ha from white corn. The mass of white corn stalks was harvested. In the experimental field, the highest salinity was observed in the plowed and uncultivated fields, with an average of 5146-5227 m³/ha of water consumed over the years, an average of 2754-2965 m³/ha in three years.