Optimizing Micropropagation Protocol to Induce Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis from Embryonic Explants of Pinus Gerardiana

Abstract

Pinusgerardiana (chilgoza pine) is animportant ecological and economical pine species.  Its forests regenerates certainly through the scattering of seed. The world's largest priest rank of Chilghoza, is on the verge of extinction in the Suleiman range of district Sherani and Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. Pinus seeds have low germination percentage due to fungal and bacterial attacks within seeds. These aspects draw attention for in vitro cultivation of P. gerardiana. In the current work, mature zygotic embryos (MZE) and juvenile cotyledons were used for in vitro culture. The young plant (Seedling) and the dried seeds of P. gerardiana was collected and brought to the lab from Chilghoza forest of District Sherani&Zhob, Balochistan. To achieve bud initiation and embryogenesis, MZEs and embryonic cotyledons were cultivated in MS media with varied concentrations of BAP and 2,4D. The best growth was found at concentration of 0.75mg/l that were recorded of 30%. In WP media the maximum growth was recorded 54% at concentration 0.5mg/l. In IBA treatment the best growth was observed with concentration applied of 0.75mg/l and results produced number of roots as3.0±0.5. AC in MS media showed the superlativeprogression of callus and shoot formation were discovered at 0.50mg/I, in WP media AC showed good effect on callus and shoot formation (40%) at 0. 50mg/l. In current study it was observed that cotyledon erased from the embryos are better option to be induce adventitious buds, here MZE was proved to produce better embryogenic culture in P. gerardiana.