Eggshell-Derived Bone Graft Substitutes in Treatment of Acute Intra-Bony Periodontal Defect in Rabbits Histological Study

Abstract

Aim:This research investigated the probable efficiency of bone graft derived from eggshell in the treatment of intra-bony defect in rabbits.

Method: 10 rabbits were enrolled in the study, for each rabbit two identical bilateral periodontal bony defects on the mesial aspect of lower first molars were surgically created, given total 20 defects. The rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I,4 rabbits(8 defects): filed with hydroxyapatite bone graft. Group II: 4 rabbits, (8 defects): filled with eggshell granules. Group III the control group 2 rabbit(4 defects): left empty. The animals were sacrificed,and the specimens were collected for histological evaluationat 3& 6 weeks’post- surgery.A light microscope and immunohistochemical was used to assess the level of periodontal regeneration for expression of osteopontinbone regeneration marker.

Results: group I & II, at three weeks, partial regeneration was observed with the formation of considerable novel woven bone.After 6 weeks, a reasonable amount of regenerated tissues was seen for hydroxyapatite treated specimens little bit more than eggshell bone granules. The final outcomes of regeneration showed that groups (I,&II) were comparable to each other and showed better regeneration than in control group (III). Intenseosteopontin expression at3 and 6 weeks’ periods was observed for Group I & IIcompared to the control group.

Conclusion: Eggshells powder is an inexpensive, easy obtained source of grafting material with reasonable biocompatibility and regenerative ability that can enhance bone formation and periodontal regeneration of intrabony periodontal defects in rabbit’s model.