Comparative Study of Genetic Polymorphism of Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene in Three Indigenous Goat Breeds of District Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract

Obesity has become much more common in recent decades. This is due to the so-called "obesity environment," in which high-calorie foods and beverages are widely available but physical activity chances are few. The fat mass and obesity-related genes (FTO) that have the largest impact on body mass index (BMI) are the strongest of all known genes and are frequently linked to obesity susceptibility. I discovered a total of 09 mutations in the FTO gene of three goat breeds in this study: Barbari goats, Sindh Desi goats, and Tapri goats. Using DNA sequencing technology and PCR gel electrophoresis, find mutations. These mutations are explained and classified using the genetic code. 03 nonsense mutations and 04 deletion mutations were discovered in Barbari goats. Arginine, Lysine, and Alanine are encoded by the missense mutations discovered. In the Sindh Desi goat breed, a deletion was discovered, while in the Tapri goat breed, a missense mutation encoding the amino acid serine was discovered. Furthermore, our findings show that the Barbari goat breed is highly suitable for mixed breeds and has excellent meat properties, owing to its larger genetic variety.