Impact of Sewage Water on Human Health and Agricultral Land: A Review

Abstract

Sewage anddisposal is being used in developing countries to cover the shortage of water in agriculture lands. Sewage increase heavy metal in the soil which goes into the food chain but it has nutrients for the plants. Many remedies for polluted soils exist, including inversion of soil with benign substances such as sulphate, lime, calcium, and organic matter; these innocuous compounds produce insoluble metal complexes. This will reduce the amount of metal available to plants. This article examines the sewage irrigation quality and its impacts on soil parameters and other veggies in various places. Although many industrial effluents are suitable for irrigation, sewage quality varies depending on the source.In comparison to soluble salts and heavy metals such as zinc, copper, manganese, nickel, and cobalt, the samples gathered from hospitals, tanneries, clinical labs, and the steel industry were detrimental. The quality of sewage in main drains was better than in industry outlets, however irrigation was not done safely. Metals accumulated more in the roots of fruits and vegetables than in the leaves of the plants. There is a need for safe management solutions based on scientific research. One element that appears to be especially detrimental to leafy crops is cadmium.