Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis.

Abstract

Purpose.To evaluate the prognostic value of the use of cone beam computed tomography in assessing the results of surgical treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis.

Materials and research methods. To achieve this goal, the results of surgical treatment of 90 patients with severe generalized chronic periodontitis were analyzed. The age of the patients was 45.0 ± 15.6 years. All patients were divided by simple randomization into 2 groups: group 1 - the main group (53 patients), where autobone was taken, taken from the upper jaw hillock or from the retromolar space of the lower jaw. Group 2 — control group (37 patients), where resorbable membranes were used to replace the wound bone defect.. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the Student-Fisher test, the nonparametric Mann-Winnie test, Wilconson.

Results. After surgical interventions in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, serious postoperative complications were rare. Moderate pain on the second day after surgery was noted by 18 patients (7.0%) of the main group and 22 patients (11.0%) of the comparison group.The terms of primary wound healing averaged 6.56 ± 0.4 days in the main group, in the comparison group - 9.16 ± 0.7 days (p <0.05).On 3-D computerized dental tomography, the zone of granulation of bone tissue is visible in the main group, foci of bone tissue appear, gum recession decreases by 87.6% (p≤0.05), areas of the leukocyte shaft appear, which indicates to the body's response to osteoplastic material.In the study of bone tissue growth 12 months after surgery according to  DVT (dental volume tomography) for triple-walled bone defects, this value was 2.2 ± 1.6 in the main group and 1.5 ± 1.0 in the control group. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P≤0.05).

Conclusions: Summarizing the above, it can be confirmed that in patients of the main group there is a decrease in bone tissue atrophy, an improvement in bone pattern, an increase in trabecular and lacunar bone, which is proved by the study.